If you are pregnant or you get pregnant while taking nicotine gum, call your doctor right away. 2010年3月には自身2枚目となるベストアルバム「addictive shot -2nd-」をユニバーサルミュージックよりリリース。同時リリースで自身のレーベルsky recordsよりセルフカバーアルバム「2010」をリリース。Posh MAX 2. Use nicotine lozenges exactly as directed. POWDER. Doing so may prevent the inhaler from working correctly. This is an estimate because people process nicotine differently depending on their genetics and it also depends on how much you inhale and. So you reach for another cigarette. In 1964, more than 40 percent of the adult population smoked. Step 1 Nicotine Patches, 21mg (14 Ct) Take the first step to your quit with NicoDerm CQ Patch Step 1. Smoking is the number one cause of preventable disease and death in the United States. Furthermore, the detrimental impact of nicotine extends to the male reproductive system and spermatogenesis, leading to male infertility [7]. Cotinine is a chemical your body makes after you are exposed to nicotine. Stop using the nicotine patch (Nicoderm CQ) and contact a provider if you get skin redness that doesn't go away after 4 days, skin swelling, a rash, an irregular heartbeat, heart palpitations, or difficulty breathing. 3. Nicotine is a highly habit-forming substance, one that can be in cigarettes and e-cigarettes, patches and gum, and more. 82 to 1. Item No. First, it’s essential to drink a lot of water (64 ounces plus) daily and stay as active as possible. The first week, especially days 3 through 5, is always the worst. $25. Applicable To. Cotinine Factsheet. After smoking a cigarette, nicotine and its by-products stay in a person’s urine and saliva for 4 days and blood for up to 10 days. 5, 2023, in a Valero in Baton Rouge, La. EVALI is a serious lung condition that vaping causes. , either buccal nicotine polacrilex or nicotine nasal spray). Generic Nicorette. By the compliance date of August 10, 2018, roll-your-own tobacco, cigarette tobacco, or covered tobacco products (except cigars and pipe tobacco) manufactured, packaged, sold, offered for sale. Omerta Liquids offers private label e-liquids production and all services needed to introduce new e-liquid brand to the markets: recipe and brand creation, packaging design, laboratory tests, TPD registration, MSDS preparation, TPD, REACH, CLP, UFI and ADR consultations. On the high end, about 28 mg. Delaware – Eligible low-income callers can get free vouchers to purchase stop-smoking aids such as nicotine patches or gum. They include chewing tobacco, snuff, snus and. Descriptions. Regardless of the brand you choose, most nicotine pouches have pretty similar base ingredients: Tobacco-derived nicotine salt. Tobacco/Nicotine and Vaping. For the most part, the speeding up of time from review to publication and lowering of publication thresholds for COVID-19 research has been beneficial. Nicotine pouches and packs have become increasingly popular around the world and are marketed as a substantially “lower-risk product” compared to tobacco. Cotinine has a half-life of about 16 hours, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Nicotine can be traced in saliva for up to four days, in blood for about 10 days, in urine for up to three weeks and in hair for up to three months. While sleep disturbances and insomnia are symptoms of nicotine. Leader Nicotine 2mg Polacrilex Gum Stop Smoking Aid, Ice Mint, 20 Ct. headaches. College campuses across the country have noticed the increasing popularity of Zyn nicotine pouches among students. Sitting still only allows you to stew in your emotions. Hold the gum in place for about 1 minute to allow the nicotine. Each CUBE device holds 11 mL of e-liquid and features adjustable airflow and a large battery that lasts for over 3000 puffs. We have several options from which to choose in terms of the liquid nicotine base, strength, ratio, and bottle size. S. A single stripe means the test is positive. g. Dopamine, glutamate, and gamma aminobutyric acid release are particularly important in. Recommended storage of 120 days or less. Side effects include skin irritation and difficulty. Around 2018, in Russia and some Eastern European countries, pouches were increasingly sold in much higher strengths (>20 mg/pouch) than needed for craving relief and withdrawal management in tobacco cessation. Changes in appetite (eating more or less) Difficulty concentrating. (APF = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece. Building on the work of scientists nationwide, Dr. Usually. Nicotine+ is written in Python and uses GTK for its graphical user interface. The more you sweat, the more nicotine you’ll release. A total of 886 participants underwent randomization. To give you a basic example; a 60ml Shortfill bottle would contain 50ml of nicotine free e-liquid. There are also many other potentially harmful chemicals found in tobacco or created by burning it. 0 comes with a whopping 14 mL of nicotine-free or 5% nicotine salt juice, and is available in 18 flavors. Reduce caffeine by limiting or avoiding coffee, soda, and tea. Don't spend too much money on it to start, in case it burns your skin, too. Nicotine is the primary addictive component in tobacco products. Nicorette (nicotine) is a gum or lozenge that helps people quit smoking, but it can cause heartburn for some people. When chronically taken, nicotine may result in: (1) positive reinforcement, (2) negative reinforcement, (3) reduction of body weight, (4) enhancement of performance, and protection against; (5) Parkinson's disease (6) Tourette's disease (7) Alzheimers disease, (8) ulcerative colitis and (9) sleep apnea. An escalating ‘nicotine strength’ war is another matter of concern. A recent study found that smoking often increased the lung gene expression of ACE2, the specific receptor for SARS-CoV-2. 1- Cube Zero – Disposable Vape Pen. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding. Reviewed by: Dalga Surofchy, PharmD, APh. You can take any reputable pod system or vape pen and just use a nicotine-free-based e-liquid. It’s not actually gum at all, it’s a capsule of liquid. The American Academy of Pediatrics joins the CDC to remind parents that e-cigarette use is never safe for youth, young adults, or pregnant and/or breastfeeding women. Nicotine cravings will stop—they don. その後、新メンバーと. Addiction to nicotine matters because using nicotine as a teen may have enduring impacts on attention, learning, and memory, 2,3,4 and addiction keeps people using harmful tobacco products. Individuals who reported that they could distinguish between tobacco-derived and synthetic nicotine were additionally asked to describe the difference. A Nicotine Shot (often referred to as simply a ‘nic shot’) is a separate bottle of liquid nicotine that you use to fill up your Shortfill bottle. Chewing tobacco This is tobacco that people chew in different. Tips to help you quit include exercising, chewing gum, and changing your routine, among others. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) can help you stop for good. There are many generic versions of nicotine gum or lozenge available. Smoking harms nearly every organ of the body and diminishes a person’s overall health. Nicotine nasal spray should be used together with a smoking cessation program, which may include support groups, counseling, or specific behavior change techniques. While U. To pass the test, you need to get the nicotine out of your system. The NP category is now banned in Russia. soaking a nail brush in the solution and applying it to. Nicotine, primary component of tobaco produces craving and withdrawal effect both in humans and animals. In fact, nicotine itself even has some benefits. Once the step 1 pack is completed, you can. Although cigarettes are the most commonly used tobacco product in pregnancy, alternative forms of tobacco use, such as e-cigarettes or vaping products, hookahs, and cigars, are increasingly common 4 Table 1. Food and Drug Administration announced plans to develop a proposed product standard by May 2023 that would establish a maximum nicotine level in combustible tobacco products and reduce their addictiveness. One variation of snus is tobacco-free snus, which is in fact a snus substitute rather than snus. Christina Aungst, PharmD. The nicotine in tobacco is an important part of cigarette addiction. 99. Cough . She’s now 13, vapes daily, and admits she’s addicted. Check out our guide of all On! flavors if you want to learn more!What is the lowest nicotine cigarette on the market? Moonlight’s a go. Drops your skin temperature. A study measuring nicotine levels in JUUL users during a 5-day controlled switch found equivalence to 18 cigarettes. Because of. It means "not coded here". F17. With drug dependence come difficult withdrawal symptoms that may be psychological and physical in nature, and sometimes even life-threatening. Nicotine dependence occurs when you need nicotine and can't stop using it. 01 g/cm 3. This is because cigarette manufacturers may not know, and nicotine levels will vary from one brand to the next. The UW-Madison study’s low-nicotine cigarettes, obtained from the federal government, have 0. • Each cartridge can last 20 minutes. Traditionally, the tobacco industry markets cigarette smoking, but it is increasingly marketing other products, such as electronic cigarettes and heated tobacco products. Nicotine+ aims to be a lightweight, pleasant, free and open source (FOSS) alternative to the official Soulseek client, while also providing a comprehensive set of features. (NYSE: RAI), which has recently been acquired by British American Tobacco, will allow you to enjoy their ‘genuine taste’ with. The younger a person is when they start using tobacco, the more likely they are to become addicted. Nicotine is highly addictive. If you need to use the patch for a longer period of time than. The surge in nicotine poisoning, EVALI cases, and smoking-related diseases imposes a significant financial burden on Malaysians and has huge implications on the country’s economy. Some drug tests may test for cotinine, a byproduct of nicotine that stays in the body for longer periods of time. The product range encompasses chewing gum, lozenges, patches of two kinds. £ 22. S. People vape with battery-operated devices used to inhale an aerosol, which can contain nicotine, marijuana, flavorings, and other chemicals. Kate Brown for signature, prohibits online sales of all nicotine vaping devices and components. Nicotine pouches (NPs), a new form of oral nicotine product, are smokeless and tobacco-free, comprising a nicotine-containing cellulose matrix inside a fiber pouch. Nicotine Shot by Eliquid Depot - the perfect solution for vapers looking to customize their nicotine levels and enhance their vaping experience. Whether you enjoy the flavors and technology of nicotine free vapes or are in the final stages of stopping smoking, nicotine-free vape juice and no nic vapes are the perfect solution. These premade options let you spend less time getting ready for a party and more time with your friends. Massachusetts passed a 75 percent wholesale tax in December 2019 in a bill that also bans most flavors for all tobacco and nicotine products. The amount that causes overdose depends on things like your body weight and where the nicotine came from. E-cigarettes can contain other harmful substances besides nicotine. Try to stop smoking without using any nicotine replacement medicine. The reliability of these effects varies. Cube Zero. difficulty concentrating. Try nicotine replacement products or ask your doctor about other medications. 19 per pc. Freebase nicotine is made from tobacco. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully. Shop. Slowly bite into a piece of nicotine gum and wait for a tingling sensation. Most e-cigarettes contain nicotine. Follow the directions on your medicine package carefully, and ask your doctor or pharmacist to explain any part you do not understand. 0. 88. EVALI can be fatal. ADD/UPDATE/DELETEMEETING INFORMATION. $24. For non-prescription products, read the label or package ingredients carefully. So how much nicotine is safe?In 2014, the Nation marked the 50th anniversary of the first Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health. These are not all of the side effects that may occur. , zero, to 36 mg per milliliter. Forms of Nicotine Replacement Therapy. Symptoms include intense cravings for nicotine, anger or irritability, anxiety, depression,. Reduce caffeine by limiting or avoiding coffee, soda, and tea. 8ml 20% concentration to make it easy to add nicotine to any. Side effects of nicotine nasal spray: Irritation to your nose or throat, coughing, watery eyes, sneezing. 9% pure nicotine. As a result, it’s not recommended to stop taking these substances “cold turkey” or suddenly, without professional help. Because vapers still require large amounts of nicotine daily in some. Add to Cart Add to Wish List Compare this ProductWe are proud to announce that we recently launched the world’s first white- and private label service for nicotine pouches, Nicokickers. May be administered as a single nicotine preparation (i. Note: Even a faint. The FDA has recognized that if there is a continuum of risk with tobacco products, there may be less harmful ways to get nicotine. The FDA knows nicotine is addictive. Feeling anxious, sad, or depressed. 5 Initial PRN Dose: Nicotine Inhaler (for patients who cannot use a lozenge: e. They are found in the central and peripheral nervous system, muscle, and many other tissues of many organisms. . Applies to nicotine: compounding powder, inhalation device, nasal spray, oral transmucosal gum, oral transmucosal lozenge, transdermal film extended release. We have all the well known brands such as LYFT, ZYN, White Fox, on, ACE and Skruf. “ I’m a bad guy . Emotional irritability. An estimated 28. Simply put, nicotine poisoning happens when you have too much of it in your body. 3 Synonyms (S)-3-(1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine 1. As you become more familiar with the pouches, you can extend the time you keep the pouch in your mouth to. EBDESIGN Nicotine Free Vape BC5000 is a new nicotine-free disposable vape. Vape juice, also known as e-liquid or vape liquid, is a liquid used in electronic cigarettes or vape devices. BUY NOW Save 20%. 00/Count) +. Nicotine. 9. Lazutka FA, Vasilyauskene AD, Gefen SG [1969]. Gabe Conte. Nicotine: 1. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding. SYNTHETIC SALT NICOTINE. Nicotine is an important tobacco constituent that is responsible for addictive properties of smoking. There are many products on the market designed to help you quit. 8mg of nicotine in any given cigarette. » § 18. Nicotine gum is commonly available in two strengths: 2 mg and 4 mg. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. wheezing, tightness in your chest, trouble breathing. Smokeless tobacco is associated with many health problems. nausea. On! Pouch Flavors. A nicotine patch is a transdermal patch that releases nicotine into the body through the skin. Since only bimonthly booster shots are required to achieve high levels of antibodies in the blood, patients’ adherence to drug therapy may. Uses. The majority of smokers would like to stop smoking, and each year about half try to quit permanently. It's usually done by testing a sample of the blood or urine. With around 3,000 puffs per pen, it's a hefty size for such a compact device. 1 mg/lb. . 7 mg per cigarette, according to the agency. 4. Instagram;. The FDA requires ZYN to have the following warning: "This product contains nicotine. 5 or 1 mg/kg) into adult male Wistar rats for two weeks and immunohistochemistry performed on hippocampal tissue slices to label PSA-NCAM, NeuN and GFAP . learn to identify stress and practice deep breathing to calm down. Nicotine shows a close resemblance to other addictive drugs in molecular, neuroanatomical and pharmacological, particularly the drugs which enhances the cognitive functions. 0. But some pretty. In children the LD50 is around 10 mg. In 2014, it was estimated that 480 000 deaths annually are attributed to cigarette smoking, including second hand smoke. One study of 402 participants comparing 50-week gum use and 10-week gum use found no difference in smoking cessation rates (ARR = 1. Doctors confirmed that nicotine amount often remains in the saliva up to 11 hours and in heavy smokers, the nicotine amount can even stay for 4- 5 days in most cases. The Zyn sits on a shelf on Thursday, Oct. 7% did not know whether it was free-base or nicotine salt and 75. Exhale Wellness’ delta-8 disposable vape pens open this list of the best nicotine free vapes. Nicotine, nicotinic cholinergic system and COVID-19. Nicotine is a chemical found in tobacco products, including cigarettes and chewing tobacco. A nicotine lozenge helps you quit smoking by reducing your cravings for nicotine. Special consideration should be given before using pharmacotherapy with selected populations: those with medical contraindications, those smoking less than 10 cigarettes/day, pregnant, and adolescent. Choose from a variety of flavors and formulations, including nicotine e-liquids, CBD oils, and THC extracts. It's not just harmless water vapor. $12. Nicotine is a drug that is produced in the body when a person uses tobacco products. ) per day. This snus-like product uses black tea leaves or other herbs, with salts and flavorings, and has no tobacco content. Results Of the 247 youth. Generally, a smoker absorbs between 1 milligram and 2mg of nicotine from a single cigarette. Vaping Zone offers bottles of liquid nicotine for anyone that prefers to mix their own e-liquid. Irritation where nicotine inhaler is used. At 200 puffs, this is 14. 2-371. Yes, a lab examination called a nicotine test may help a doctor determine the nicotine content in a person’s body. However, it could. Young people who use e-cigarettes may be more likely to smoke cigarettes in the future. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding. Nicotine is the chemical in tobacco that makes it hard to quit. Most of the dangers of smoking are due to the hundreds of toxic chemicals in the cigarette smoke, not the nicotine. Drug tests can detect the presence of nicotine in the body by testing a sample of blood, urine, saliva, hair, or sweat. $ 3389. Best seller. CUBE disposables come in 20 flavors and are also available in 5% nicotine strength. Since it only has a half-life of about 2 hours, you can expect your body to be completely clear of nicotine within a few days after you smoke your last cigarette. Continuing to smoke while using nicotine lozenges or using more lozenges than recommended could result in serious side effects. 1 billion smokers, especially in. As it interacts with the brain’s reward centers, nicotine can lead to a cycle of withdrawal and reduced. Fact - Nicotine vaping is not risk-free, but it is substantially less harmful than smoking. Nicotine nasal spray is used to help people stop smoking. Consuming marijuana in ways other than smoking is probably fine: “While there aren’t any studies on the effect of marijuana and Covid vaccine, it is unlikely to affect the immune. VELO Mint From 4,20. In the context of disposable vapes, nicotine is contained in the e-liquid or "vape juice. Nicotine+. You discreetly put into your mouth (pretend to cough), pop it, swill it around discreetly in your mouth, and then swallow the lot. Marlboro Black, on the other hand, is less expensive and milder. A single stripe next to the “T” means the test is inconclusive. It shows a complex mechanism involving neuronal system in the brain. A woman smokes a cigarette as she sits on a bench in Liverpool, following the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), Liverpool, Britain, May 26, 2020. We welcome all those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction, including those using cessation programs and nicotine withdrawal aids. Follow the directions on the product label. PurNic™ Nicotine 250mg/mL. In 2021 alone, in the United States, more than 61 million people ages 21. So how much nicotine is safe?nicotine: [noun] a poisonous alkaloid C10H14N2 that is the chief active principle of tobacco and is used as an insecticide. Since research shows early age nicotine use and pleasurable initial experiences are linked to regular use and even. Nicotine is an addictive substance found in tobacco products and is one of the most heavily used addictive drugs in the United States. Elf Bar Zero The Elf Bar ZERO BC5000 Nicotine Free pack is one of the most loved disposable vapes with a 650Ah rechargeable battery. Nicotine, a major component of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, is a naturally occurring plant alkaloid. Press down to ensure the patch sticks to your skin. This medicine may cause harm to the unborn baby if you take it while you are pregnant. Each rectangle of represents one week with regular water (grey), 200 µl/mL nicotine (blue), or 100. In fact, it suggests a daily limit on nicotine intake ranging from no more than one milligram per kilogram (or . Nicotine pouches, positioned between the upper lip and gum, resemble Swedish-style snus but lack the tobacco leaf. These symptoms are also closely linked to the dysregulation of dopamine, which is involved in sleep regulation. for a 160-pound adult) per day to a maximum of . Another 16 million live with a serious illness caused by. If you are 65 or older, use nicotine patch with care. This includes cigarettes, e-cigarettes, nicotine gum, and nicotine patches. EVALI (e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury). With its high-quality ingredients and convenient packaging, this nicotine shot is a must-have for any vaping enthusiast. Try nicotine replacement products or ask your doctor about other medications. Nicotine and mood are. irritability or frustration. The U. In general, patches contain the largest concentration of nicotine and are the most dangerous to dogs. PurNic™ Nicotine 100mg/mL. Frequently bought together. Cotinine can be detected for up to seven days after it was last used or up to 14 days in heavy. Table of Contents » Title 18. Nicotine pouches do come with a best-before date, which is clearly printed on the can. If you chew it for 30 minutes, drop down to 20 minutes, then 15, then 10, etc. However, nicotine pouches cannot expire or “go bad”. Food and drinks that are acidic, such as soda and coffee, can stop the gum from working as well. This item: Herbal Cigarettes - Tobacco and Nicotine Free 2 Packs 40 Smokes. ”. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Nicotine Salts E-Liquids are complex compounds containing salt-based nicotine, typically less harsh to vape which allows for better tolerance of higher nic salt e-juice. 49. The other studies reported nicotine values ranging from 72 to 164 µg/puff. Vaping Zone offers bottles of liquid nicotine for anyone that prefers to mix their own e-liquid. Posh MAX 2. As of Dec. 75. It wants to regulate it for the first time. The Posh MAX 2. Reagan Cotten. 4 Identification numbers 1. 12. Measuring cotinine is better than measuring nicotine because nicotine disappears from your system within a few hours, but cotinine remains for a day or more. 2 Group Alkaloid of Nicotiana Tabacum 1. Dr Mudhar claimed: "Smoking a whole Geek or Elf bar is the equivalent of about 48 to 50 cigarettes. This allows the nicotine to be absorbed in your mouth and will quickly help reduce withdrawal symptoms. These side effects usually get better after 1-2 weeks of treatment. Descriptions. For transdermal dosage form (patch): To help you stop smoking: Adults and teenagers 18 years or older—The dose will be provided on the label and is based on the number of cigarettes you smoke per day. 95 $15. Simply put, nicotine poisoning happens when you have too much of it in your body. The tax will take effect June 1, 2020 and applies to both liquid and device. The most meticulous way for detecting nicotine in your body, with a comparatively longer detection window. You don’t inhale. Tobacco is a plant grown for its leaves, which are dried and fermented before being put in tobacco products. $1585 ($0. Building on the work of scientists nationwide, Dr. 1. Some common symptoms of depression that you may experience when you stop smoking include: Anxiety or an "empty" feeling. 99. Nicotine is the primary addictive component in tobacco products. A 15 mg to 22 mg nicotine patch dose is a good starting point for most smokers. Previous studies applying methods similar to the present study found that increasing nicotine concentration in e-cigarettes with free-base nicotine formulations generated aerosol that was perceived by users as harsher, more bitter, less sweet, less smooth, and less appealing overall. Nicotine oral chewing gum and lozenges are used to help you stop smoking. Breathe through your mouth. Only about 5% of people who try to quit tobacco succeed without a quit-smoking product. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of F17. From Strawnana to Coffee, Summer Menthol to Dragonade,. Lucy Mango 12 mg. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is conducting an ongoing review of e-cigarettes, cigars and other tobacco products that contain nicotine to determine if meet the standards set by the 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (Tobacco Control Act). 7 Daze Fusion ICED - No Nicotine Vape Juice - 100ml. Sometimes nicotine is swallowed. Snus may help people move away from smoking, although not tobacco or nicotine use, according to a 7-year study published in 2020. 3 million U. Nicotine is a toxic compound that should be handled with care, but the frequent warnings of potential fatalities caused by ingestion of small amounts of tobacco products or diluted nicotine-containing solutions are unjustified and need to be revised in light of overwhelming data indicating that more than 0. Free shipping, arrives in 3+ days. Benzodiazepines. , intrabuccally, intranasally, percutaneously, or by oral inhalation); however, if single therapy does not enable patients to quit smoking, use of transdermal nicotine may be combined with another form of nicotine replacement (i. While it is now reasonably well established that the use of tobacco is a major health hazard [4,5], the World Health Organization estimates that about one billion of the world’s population still continue to use various tobacco products including the now more popular smokeless varieties. Addiction: Nicotine pouches contain nicotine, which is an addictive substance and is one of the potential nicotine pouches side effects long term. Pharmacist tips for Nicotrol (nicotine) Stop smoking completely as soon as you start using Nicotrol (nicotine). The more you smoke, the more nicotine you need to feel good. 99 $10. 7 Daze Reds Apple - No Nicotine Vape Juice - 100ml. However, exposure to high levels of nicotine (1μM and above), as seen in smokers, increases. low mood. Click the link below to add, update or delete your group information in the Worldwide Meeting List: If the form is not working, please email your changes to meeting_list@nicotine- anonymous. This means it has 2 effects: It lessens the pleasure a person gets from smoking. ” There are many ways of making synthetic nicotine, and each producer keeps their. To give you a basic example; a 60ml. On July 13, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) can regulate synthetic nicotine made in Shenzhen, China, like Puff Bar and Air Bar after companies passed through the synthetic nicotine loophole. NicShots 10 ml. The reliability of these effects varies. e. It is a highly addictive substance that may create a temporary feeling of well-being and relaxation. Zero nicotine obviously will be listed as 0%. Usually. Each craving will last only about 15 to 20 minutes, but they’ll. There are many types of smokeless tobacco products. Just add Czar Nic to any 0mg eliquid for charted level desired or to add more Nic to reach a. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) refers to a group of treatments designed to help smokers quit. For example, VELO nicotine pouches ingredients contain nicotine derived from the tobacco plant, water,. Smoking is known to increase the risk for respiratory infection susceptibility and severity [30,31].